Should animals be kept in zoos free essay sample

?Zoos are sometimes seen as necessary but poor alternative to a natural environment. Is it necessary to keep animals in zoos? Zoo is the place where different kinds of animals are kept, displayed to public, and in which they may also be bred. In today’s fast paced world, people are pressurized everyday working at a stressful job from nine to five; leisure in the form of going to zoo can be truly welcoming. There are many debates on whether zoos should be prohibited since the issue of animal conservation had arisen about thirty years ago. Zoos are important and should be kept although they provide poor alternatives to a natural environment to the animals. It has often been said that animals survival abilities have been deprived because of the limited exposure to nature in the zoos. In addition, they dont have any freedom since they are kept in small cage In the modern society, zoos are almost indispensable places in large cities for people to visit. We will write a custom essay sample on Should animals be kept in zoos? or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In some large zoos, there are various animals from space to sea and from primitive invertebrates to advanced and intelligent mammals. In the zoos, all animals, including those rare animals, such as panda, African elephant, and North-Eastern tiger, could enjoy good care and protection away from any danger. However, along with the stronger natural environmental protection consciousness, many people think that to put animals into small cages will change their living instincts, and therefore break the ecological balance. Viewed from the basic relations between animals and human beings, animals should have the equal freedom with human being. Animals have their own living instinct, and it is this instinct that forms the biological chain of the Earth. This relation is called â€Å"Ecological Balance† academically. This opinion sounds ideal theoretically. However in reality, human beings and other animals cannot stay together peacefully on the Earth. Because of human beings’ lust for fortune, many valuable animals are killed or sold, especially those endangered species. Therefore, zoos appear as an active way for people to protect these poor animals. First, this is an action not only for animals but also for human being itself. Next, zoos can serve a purpose of educating and entertaining people, narrowing the distance between human beings and animals. Last, zoos can be a scientific study center to rescue more endangered species and make animals better to serve people’s need. The key point of this topic is freedom or protection. It is necessary to keep animals in zoos for the purpose of its study, protection of animals, and

How to Work Full-Time and Fit in Vacations

How to Work Full-Time and Fit in Vacations Joanna Niles, a lifestyle and travel blogger, wrote about traveling while working full time over at the HuffingtonPost this week. I thought her tips were great- practical and strategic- and my husband and I used many of the same approaches when we plan travel a few  times a year. Look at the calendarSince I teach workshops and college-level courses, my schedule is bound by the academic calendar. This means I can travel a lot in early and late summer, I have a lot of time in January, and I always have a few 3- and 4-day weekends during the fall and spring.Chances are if you work for a corporate or government employer, you have a variety of paid and national holidays to make the most of, too. Not every trip is a week-long extravaganza- we’ve done weekend jaunts to San Francisco, Philadelphia, Portland, Maine, and have a trip to New Orleans coming up at the end of the month. It’s surprising how refreshing and enjoyable a brief visit can be. You can also be more efficient with your vacation days by adding on one before or after a long weekend.TelecommuteNormally, you’d be working during the day and perhaps socializing at night. Maybe you can work out an arrangement where you can take that format on vacation with you, too. Another option is to work after the family goes to bed or before they’re up in the morning.This tip has the potential to backfire since you can also be pursued by work long after you’re ready to unplug, but if you’re disciplined about allowing and restricting access (yours, and your coworkers!), a vacation where you spend an hour or two emailing and coordinating in the morning and then go about your day can be great for making your getaway productive.This summer I had to take a pile of grading to the beach, and the first two days of our trip were divided between lounging on the sand and marking up papers on the balcony. Sure, I wanted to be spending more of my time on the boardwalk, but the alternative w as postponing our much-anticipated vacation just for a deadline, so it turned out to be a worthwhile compromise.Plan AheadWhen my husband and I first got together, he hated the way I liked to plan six months or a year out, but now he appreciates that if you don’t get a head start on planning trips, you can miss out on awesome seasonal opportunities or experiences that sell out as soon as they become available to the public.Don’t forget to set aside some vacation time around the holidays! My first year of working full-time, I didn’t anticipate that my company wouldn’t just automatically close on important â€Å"eves.† If my boss hadn’t been generous about commuting my sick time, I would have had a sad solitary holiday weekend alone in my apartment instead of back in my hometown.Be FlexibleThat said, sometimes you have to just get that price alert in your inbox, click through, reserve your flight and grab a weekend bag. If budget is the most i mportant factor in your ability to travel, get yourself on the mailing list of sites like The Flight Deal and Airfare Watch Dog and stay tuned as rates rise and fall during the various tourist seasons.Where you go is more important than when you go anyway, and remember how nice a quick weekend can be- fly out Friday after work, enjoy Saturday and part of Sunday, and maybe go in a little late on Monday.How to Travel with a Full-Time JobRead More at Huffington Post

Control Structures in programming Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Control Structures in programming - Essay Example s control structures for the statements have been held up for the reason that the primeval control structures of a digital computer that has a sequential uni-processor that is adequate to replicate some other control structure. The compensate of extraordinary as well as meticulous control structures are for the most part in simplicity plus briefness of appearance and in programming effortlessness, events which are tough to determine and normally in unpredictability by competence of accomplishment proceedings. It is accessed that "language programmers should by no means be pleased by languages that give permission to them to program the whole thing, on the other hand to computer program not anything excluding attention simply"(Fisher, 1990). The control arrangements of programming have not reserved rate by the augment (Fisher, 1990). The next important control structure is the selection that permits the selection in the middle of diverse ways. For instance the C++ offers dissimilar ranks of assortment: we have the one-way choice by means of an â€Å"if structure† then we have the 2-way choice by means of an â€Å"if-else structure†. The last selection can be used for the multiple choices by means of a â€Å"switch statement†. The last type of the control structure is the iteration control structure that guides to the looping of the programming statements. In the C++ we have 3 types of the iteration control structure lopping structures:2 This type of the control structure permits single set of programming language statements to be performed if an outcome is correct plus one more group of proceedings to be performed if a statement is false.   A selection structure is as well acknowledged as an "If-Then-Else" arrangement, its pictorial representation is given below in picture # 1. Here in the selection control structure the state in the â€Å"if statement† is the expression that is calculated for the decision of the â€Å"if statement†. If this statement is correct,

Leadership in Organisations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Leadership in Organisations - Essay Example Good leaders are in a position to establish suitable decisions that direct the attainment of their objectives. This is because of the existing effectual communication skills, self-confidence, and the capability of managing others (Badaracco, 2006, p. 47-55). The author continues to argue that a society cannot be alienated from good leadership (Badaracco, 2006, p. 47-55). Leadership has been linked to the shape and outcome of a society since what the leaders do is replicated to what the members of the society will do as well. 2.0. Monologues in V Act 4, Scene 1, lines 227-281 2.1. Summary of monologue From the monologue, it is evident that Henry the king is willing to send his soldiers to the battlefield. With his ability to disguise himself as a commoner, it is difficult for the common people to see and recognize him. This he does by borrowing a dirty old cloak that he uses to move around (Shakespeare 2007, p.108). He is also seen to claim to be a kinsman of Fluellen though he despis es him as a captain. His leadership qualities allow him to consult the common soldiers about the war (Shakespeare 2007, p.108). Despite the fact that the soldiers were doubtful about the king’s ability to lead them to war, King Henry is quick to motivate his soldiers to go to the battlefield under his leadership. Some of the soldiers like Williams also questioned the justification of the war with France. Despite Henry’s leadership skills in being in constant communication with the soldiers, Williams, just like any ordinary person would, questions the king persistently and argues that if they die and leave their windows, it would be unforgivable for the king (Shakespeare 2007, p.109). However, the king responds by saying that he would be responsible for any death of his soldiers as it was their responsibility to guard the nation. Since a leader is bound to face all manners of rejection, Henry is not worried but defends himself from Williams. It is after the bitter excha nges between the king and the Williams that the soldiers leave for the battlefield (Shakespeare 2007; p.110). 2.2. Analysis of monologue Looking at Henry V act Act 4, Scene 1, lines 227-281, Henry’s hidden dialogues with his warriors reveals the close relationship between the king and ordinary man who are the soldiers. In this scene, the author presents different types of voices that talk in Henry V exposing how every soldier interacted with Henry, therefore, adding a contemporary dimension to the comprehension of the difficult emperor. Henry’s discussions with his soldiers feature the team spirit between leader and his subordinate, and this promotes a common understanding between the two groups (Shakespeare 2007, p.110). Henry knew that he was the same as the other common people. The only difference was that he was a leader, and he interacted with them in a free manner without threatening them. In the monologue, Henry described the unpleasant tasks of power, which bot h separate and exposed the king, where all the subjects give the impression of putting all their uncertainties, worries, and responsibility to the king’s shoulders.

Argumentative Paper (Logical Fallacies) on Why Smoking is good for you Essay

Argumentative Paper (Logical Fallacies) on Why Smoking is good for you - Essay Example It instills a sense of brightness in you and the aromatic flavor it exudes will truly lift your sprits and make you feel better. Many of my friends, when feeling dejected and demoralized, resort to smoking in order to rev themselves up and I’ve seen that it works. Really, a smoker never feels lonely as he or she becomes capable of maintaining an intimate relationship with this indulgence. It’s like a courtship and it revitalizes your soul. Bad habit, they say. But believe me; they’re just incapable of recognizing the best and extracting it. Every human being will feel lonely at some point of time in their lives. Your friends may abandon you, your loved ones too. But believe me, your habit never does. So, any time you are lonely, you can depend on your cigarette. Just do not forget to carry a packet and a lighter in your pocket. I guarantee your habit will never desert you. I’ve seen people with such dependence, and the habit of smoking has come to their rescue every time they feel lonely and dejected. People make a big hue and cry about the negative sides of smoking and believe that cigarette causes cancer. They do propaganda and conduct campaigns against this habit to create awareness in youngsters. Tobacco companies are forced to carry statutory warnings on their packets that ‘Smoking Kills’. To me, this is absolute nonsense. How can cigarettes cause such a dreadful disease as cancer? Also, are all cancer patients smokers? Not at all! If you take the case 10 patients and analyze it, you will see that the majority of them are nonsmokers. If a person who smokes happens to have cancer, that doesn’t mean that all smokers will have cancer. It’s really a pity that we lay the blame on this harmless habit while the actual cause may be genetical or physiological. One of my near relatives has died of cancer but she has never so much as touched a cigarette in her entire life. There are many smokers who never had cancer. I know hundreds of them. So

Research Methodology for Business Analysis

Research Methodology for Business Analysis RESEARCH METHODOLOGY METHOD Research Strategy The purpose of this study is to use the literature as a framework to answers our two research questions. Because our questions are profound, and therefore hard to measure, an analytical research approach that promotes measurement and a quantitative model is not appropriate for our study. Since the term strategy is an intangible phenomenon, information regarding the subject can only be gathered through deep interviews. For such studies the qualitative research strategy is preferred (Gilljam, Esaiasson et al 2004). Our purpose is to describe the strategy applied in our case company by using the literature we have compiled as a framework. Even though there might be some instances of normative conclusions for how a strategic management controls system should be formed, there is no direct empirical research tied to that conclusion in our thesis. Therefore our research approach neither derives from a normative research approach. Our study should rather be classified as a descriptive one. Our main purpose is to describe how a strategy can be defined and how it can be used as a management control instrument. The descriptive study is used to describe a certain phenomenon through previous theories and thereby testing the validity of these theories in practice. The descriptive study leads to a deductive research approach. The deductive approach is used when the research is based on previous theories. The theories used states what type of empirical information that should be gathered, how it should be in terpreted and how the results can be related to the theories to describe the empirical material. This research approach consist the base of our thesis. Research Philosophy Since we wanted to identify the strategy of Lema, the best way to gather this information was to interview the staff of the management team. Through our interviews we were able to gather adequate empirical information to interpret and describe Lema’s strategy based on our theoretical framework. Due to our emphasis on interviews we derive our interpretation of reality through an operator’s perspective. This perspective concludes that reality is a social construction (Gilljam, Esaiasson et al 2004) and it is interpreted differently by each individual. Therefore the truth consists of coherency among different individuals’ interpretations of reality. This perspective is consistent with our choice of conducting four interviews to validate the coherency between each individual’s interpretations and thus we attempt to build a reliable empirical data of reality. Inquiry approach By studying and summarizing the works of Michael Porter and Chan Kim Mauborgne’s Blue Ocean Strategy we have come up with a coherent theoretical work frame for examining how a strategy can be defined in an actual business. Further to this, we have investigated how the strategy can be executed by using Kaplan Norton’s theories about Strategic Mapping and The Balanced Scorecard as well using Simon’s strategy implementation theory Levels of Control. According to Robert K. Yin (2006), a case study is that which discusses a contemporary fact in its real context. A case study also supports the use of several theoretical frameworks to describe empirical information. In accordance with this guidance we realized that this was an appropriate method for achieving the purpose of our thesis. Therefore our research method is based on an in depth, single case study in which we examined both the strategy and strategy management control system. Further to this we also wanted to make clear how the different theories could be used as complements to one another and use them together to describe the strategy of a company. Selection of Case Study Objects In order to be able to apply the theories that we have chosen for strategy definition and strategy implementation, we thought that a company with a clear market position would be suitable for us. This because an evident market position often mean a distinct value proposition, which facilitates the process of defining a strategy (Porter, 1996, 1998). Since our theoretical framework revolves around many different theories, it was also important that the company was of an appropriate size so that we would to be able to assemble the empirical and theoretical material into one comprehensible context. When searching for interesting companies that could be appropriate for our thesis, we became more and more interested in Lema because they have a unique concept and position. While the vast majority of companies have suffered during the recent financial crisis, Lema has defied this general pattern of decline and prospered. In mid-2009 their growth rate was higher than it had been for almost h alf a decade, despite the prevailing crisis. The fact that Lema has defied the general condition of the market suggests that they are in some way distinguished from their competitors. This triggered our interest for a more detailed study of the strategy that has contributed to Lema’s success. After some initial contacts with Lema and receiving their support we decided to build our case study around their company. Literature search In order to find a practical and valid theoretic framework for strategy definition and strategic management control systems, we started our literature search by looking at previous studies within the field of strategic management controls. This was done by searching the Swedish database â€Å"Uppsatster.se† and through Gothenburg University’s own database GUNDA. We used key search words such as â€Å"strategy†, â€Å"strategic management controls† and â€Å"strategy implementation† to find relevant studies within the specified field. After covering a broad number of previous works we found several commonly used articles and books. We later searched for these articles by entering their specific article names within the scientific databases EBSCO, Emerald and Google scholar. The books that we used in our thesis were found in the various Gothenburg University libraries by searching on either the author’s name or the title of the book. We first briefly overviewed the articles and books that we had found in order to evaluate whether they were relevant to our research question or not. The sources that we found relevant were later used to create our theoretic framework. We were also g iven literature guidance from our supervisor Ingemar Claesson and from a business case competition’s (BI-Marathon) readings recommendations. The coherency among the sources we found through the database searches and those sources we received from our supervisor and reading recommendations from the business competition gives credibility of relevancy to our sources. Since our thesis converge two interconnected discourses; those of strategy literature and those of management control, we consider our literature overview of five models quite broad. This approach enabled us to apply a combination of appropriate theories to be able to answer our research questions in a manner that we saw fit. Through the literature search and understanding of the previous studies we created a theoretical framework. This theoretic framework guided our collection of empirical data in the case study so that the theoretic framework could later describe and interpret the empirical information. Selection of Respondents In the process of selecting respondents we assumed that we needed to interview employees at leading positions within Lema in order to gain information from those with significant insight into the strategic processes. In order to gain a broad perspective of Lema business and activities we chose to interview the CEO, CFO, Purchasing Manager and the Store Manager of the company. By interviewing these respondents we gained insight into the different areas relevant to our study. Our respondents were: Boris Lennerhov, CEO, Lema Ullared (3/5 16.00-18.00) Per Andreasson, CFO, Lema Ullared (3/5 10.00-12.00) Christian Henriksson, Store Manager, Lema Ullared (4/5 10.00-12.00) Carin Kjellgren, Purchasing Manager, Lema Ullared (5/5 10.0-12.00) Interviews We have designed our interview template based on the theories that we have compiled so that the interview would be thematic and thereby congruent with the purpose of our thesis (Gilljam, Esaiasson et al 2004). Our interview questions were designed in a semi-structured way, as an entirely structured interview often leaves too little room for respondents to answer freely (Patel Davidsson, 1994) A semi-structured interview also enabled each respondent to focus on the questions he/she found more relevant. We used the same general design for all interview templates in order to get a broad perspective of the interview subjects and to cross-reference these answers with one another to ascertain the answers coherency. Before the interview we met with the respondents to briefly explain to them on the different areas that we would be discussing so that our respondents would be acquainted with the topics of the interview. However we did not send the exact interview template, since we did not want our respondents to give us â€Å"automated† answers. None of the respondents requested to be anonymous, which contributed to the credibility of our research (Gilljam, Esaiasson et al, 2004). Data processing To facilitate the data processing and ensure the reliability of data received from our interviews we printed out our interview templates and used them during the interviews. Answers were document by both computer and by hand to ensure reliable answers. Since the interviews were held in Swedish in order to make sure that our respondents felt comfortable and to be able to gather more information, we had to first translate the raw data into English. The interviews were recorded for validity check during the data processing. After documenting all answers directly after each interview we put together all four answers and concluded the coherent answers of each performed interview into one final main answer. This process is consistent with our research philosophy of the operator’s perspective that reality is based on coherency among each individual’s interpretations. Due to our interview structure, which is based on our theoretic framework, we could quite easily relate the answers to our theories. We later analyzed the empirical data with our theoretic framework to answer our two research questions. Method Critics – Validity and reliability The validity of research studies is the most difficult and most important problem in empirical social studies. (Gilljam, Esaiasson, 2004) The term validity can be defined in three different ways: Congruency between the theoretic definition and the operational indicators Free from systematic errors The research examines what we intend to research The first two definitions can be categorized as conceptual validity while the third definition is categorized as result validity. (Gilljam, Esaiasson ,2004) These two categories are related to each other by the following formula: Conceptual validity + Reliability = Result validity (Gilljam, Esaiasson et al, 2004) The greatest validity problem is that of conceptual validity. The problem of social science empirical research is that many theoretic terms are abstract and intangible and therefore makes it difficult to use proper operational indicators that measure the theoretic term. Therefore improper results and wrong conclusions are created by using inconsistent operational indicators to measure the theoretic term. Further for the proper result to be valid, the reliability of the study must be high. Reliability implies that the thesis is free from unsystematic and random errors. These kinds of errors might occur due to stress, carelessness or sloppy notes, misunderstood interview answers, negligence of certain information during data processing etc. However it is argued that conceptual validity is more important than reliability. (Gilljam, Esaiasson et al, 2004) For example if the operational indicators used in a study does not measure the intended theoretic term the results are flawed, but if the conceptual validity is correct and the reliability is low the results are slightly skewed though the overall result is still accurately measured. Since the theoretic terms strategy and management control systems are very abstract and interpreted differently among researches and professionals. There are no unanimous operational indicators that properly define these two terms or any unanimous framework in which these two terms can be described. However in this thesis we have implied a theoretic framework that guided us how to describe strategy and through this framework we formed interview questions that could be seen as our operational indicators. Thereby we attempted to achieve as good conceptual validity as possible. To increase the reliability of our thesis, we taped all our interviews and performed the same interview with our four chosen respondents. We used structured interview templates printed on A4 paper that would provide a clear guide for notes and made it easier for us to refer answers to our literature framework. We transcribed the answers directly after the interviews to make sure that the answers were correctly documented. Still the reliability for this study might be imperfect because our behavior during the interview might have affected the respondents’ answers. However we tried to prevent this so-called interviewers effect (Denscombe, 2000) by reacting as neutral as possible to the respondent’s answers. Further, Lema has not worked with any kind of strategy controls therefore some respondents were unfamiliar with our subject. If the respondents had read through our content email and prepared a bit before our interviews, their answers might have been better. Since we only conducted four interviews with the management team of Lema our empirical finding might include a large amount of their subjective assessments. It would have been better to interview a larger number of respondents within the management team and even conduct the same interviews with external industry experts5 to further validate the answers of our respondents from Lema.

Compensation for Living Human Organ Donation is Unethical Essay

Compensation for Living Human Organ Donation is Unethical As technology continues to progress the feasibility of organ transplantation becomes a commonplace. It is very common for organs to be donated after one passes if it is the wishes of the deceased. As the supply of organs from the deceased is greatly outnumbered by the number of patients on waitlists living donors becomes an issue. Many times a relative or close friend is willing to give up an organ to help save a life. The question is: Is it ethical to accept a monetary payment in exchange for an organ to save a life? Organ donation started out as simply â€Å"donation† or the act by which a person voluntarily transfers the title to a thing of which be is the owner, from himself to another, without any consideration, as a free gift (Dictionary.com). A person is giving out of the goodness of their heart; donors did not expect anything in return for giving a part of them to help save a life. In Organ Grinders, Artie makes a living from selling she replenish able fluids such as, blood, plasma, and semen. Artie is asked in the book to give one of his testicles in exchange for money. He willingly agrees, and the operation proves to be a success in the book. This brings up the argument if it is morally ethical to sell your organs for a profit. Currently in most Western Countries including the European Union, The United States, and China, statutes have been put in place forbidding the purchase and sale of human organs (Cameron 724). Overall as a whole society looks at human organ sales as u nethical and morally wrong. There have been a few proposals to having a successful way of buying and selling organs just as we sell our bodily fluids. T... ...uld be unmoral and unethical to carry out. Even with the technology available today, the humanistic nature of people to be greedy will overcome their kindheartedness to give the gift of life to one another. The resale of human organs from living donors should continue to remain illegal around the world. Works Cited. Cameron, J. Stewart and Hoffenberg, Raymond. â€Å"The ethics of organ transplantation reconsidered: Paid organ donation and the use of executed prisoners as donors.† Kidney International. Vol 55. p724-732. 30 November 2003. Howards, Lawrence A. â€Å"Ethics of Organ Donation.† JSOnline Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. 20 June 1999. p4. 30 November 2003. http://www.jsonline.com/alive/column/jun99/howard62099.asp> â€Å"New Safeguards for Living Organ Donors.† ConsumerAffairs.com. 25 April 2003. p3. 30 November 2003.